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Flags of inconvenience: 113 vessels flying a false flag transported EUR 4.7 bn Russian oil  in first three quarters of 2025

Every vessel sailing open seas is required to fly a flag that provides it with legal jurisdiction for its operations in international waters. Article 91 …

Beyond city limits: A satellite-based PM2.5 assessment across India’s airsheds, states, and districts

India’s air quality management needs comprehensive pollution data that includes rural, peri-urban, and smaller cities, not just large metropolitan areas. Satellite-based PM2.5 monitoring provides consistent, …

Enhancing Zhejiang’s coal power portfolio flexibility: the economic and climate gains

Zhejiang, one of China’s most developed provinces, faces rapidly growing electricity demand, with peak demand rising from 120 GW in 2024 to 135 GW in …

No clear plan to rein in coal: CREA’s response to Indonesia’s JETP Progress Report 2025

 🇮🇩 Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di bawah On 24 October 2025, the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) Secretariat for Indonesia released the JETP Progress Report …

The hidden cost of gas: Toxic emissions from Thailand’s power sector

Natural gas has long been promoted by power suppliers as Thailand’s reliable, affordable, and cleaner alternative to coal. Over the past two decades, it has …

China’s Climate Transition Outlook 2025: Expert Survey

As China’s “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” agenda enters its fifth year, the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) and the International …

Four years on: Assessing China’s overseas coal power ban

More than four years after President Xi Jinping pledged to end China’s financing of overseas coal projects, the annual assessment from the Centre for Research …

China, India, and Indonesia: the world’s top coal growth markets can all peak emissions by 2030

China, India, and Indonesia – the three countries responsible for the largest increases in CO2 emissions and in coal-fired power generation in the decade since …

Dangerous dependence: Taiwan becomes world’s largest importer of Russian naphtha as coal imports persist

Imports channel USD 9.3 bn to the Kremlin’s war chest *下面提供中文版本 Despite joining international economic sanctions on Russia just one day after the start of …

Indonesia’s RUPTL 2025-2034: Fossils first, renewables later

🇮🇩 Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di bawah Following the publication of Indonesia’s ten-year power grid plan, RUPTL 2025-2034, CREA has published an in-depth report that …

Coal is losing ground but not letting go: Structural inertia and the struggle to shift coal’s role in China’s power system

The Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) and Global Energy Monitor (GEM) have released their H1 2025 biannual review of China’s coal projects, which …

Closing the loop: from stalled green steel targets to a strategic reset in China

As early as 2022, the Chinese government set a clear target: to raise the share of electric arc furnace (EAF) steel to 15% of total …

Secondary particles contribute to one-third of India’s PM2.5: A call to strengthen the NCAP by targeting precursor gases

Recent data show that India is one of the top global contributors to precursor gases responsible for secondary particulate matter. Precursor gases are estimated to …

Indonesia air quality 2024: As Jakarta’s metro areas all break WHO limit up to tenfold, government opts for ‘wait-and-see’

🇮🇩 Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di bawah Air pollution in Indonesia is a growing national crisis for its massive implications on the citizens’ health and …

Clean energy industry can double in value by 2035 and deliver one fifth of China’s economic modernisation goal

2035 is a critical year for China’s development, and clean energy sectors will play a crucial role in reaching the country’s development objectives. By 2035, …

Indonesia’s RUPTL outlines faster growth in fossil fuel use, downgrades ambition for clean energy

🇮🇩 Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di bawah The Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air’s (CREA) analysis on Indonesia’s recently released 10-year electricity supply …

Fossil Fuel Emissions Outlook Report 2025: Assessing the Climate and Public Health Risk of Malaysia’s Fossil Fuel Assets 

This report, co-authored by environmental think-tank RimbaWatch and CREA assesses the emissions lock-in risk associated with Malaysia’s fossil fuel assets. Malaysia’s economy is deeply intertwined …

Insured complicity: 76% of Russia’s LNG exports carried on UK owned or insured vessels since invasion

The United Kingdom has emerged as one of Ukraine’s most steadfast allies since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, delivering …

China’s air pollution shifts west: industrial relocation outpaces clean energy transition

A new review of China’s air quality by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air found that China made notable progress in air …

Unmasking the toll of fine particle pollution in South Africa

In South Africa, large parts of the population breathe air containing pollutants at levels many times higher than the guidelines specified by the World Health …

Biomass co-firing in Indonesia: Prolonging, not solving coal problem

🇮🇩  Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di bawah Despite the promotion of biomass co-firing as a means to create a green economy and mitigate emissions by …

Health impacts of diesel vehicles suspected of using prohibited defeat devices in the EU and UK

Road transport emissions Road transport is a major source of air pollution and associated health impacts as a leading source of nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions …

Record renewables capacity in FY24-25 signals India’s path beyond coal

India’s power sector stands at a critical juncture, marked by record-high installed capacity and a rapidly evolving energy mix. With a total installed power capacity …

The Last Mile: Phasing Out Russian Oil and Gas in Central Europe

As part of the EU’s sixth sanctions package against Russia adopted in June 2022, the EU granted the Central European countries of Hungary, Slovakia and …

Scientific evidence is clear: Enforcing SO2 norms in India’s coal power plants is non-negotiable

Amidst the ongoing debate over the necessity of flue gas desulphurisation (FGD) systems in coal-fired thermal power plants (CFPPs), the Centre for Research on Energy …

India power sector overview FY 2024–25: Thermal generation growth slowest since COVID

2024 was officially the warmest year ever recorded in India, marked by prolonged and intense heatwaves that placed unprecedented stress on the country’s power system. …

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Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), 2025