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Indonesia’s nickel: Aimed at EVs, but still parked in stainless steel

The nation’s battery-grade production surges to catch on the EV race, even as global demand pivots toward nickel-free alternatives 🇮🇩 Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di …

Reclaiming credibility in China’s steel industry: Climate ambition, financial resilience, and market trust

China’s steel industry stands at a critical juncture. As the world’s largest producer and exporter of steel, the sector plays a central role in both …

Coal in Candiota: Health impacts of a coal mining and power generation cluster in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

🇧🇷 A versão em português está disponível abaixo In the southernmost Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul sits the rural municipality of Candiota. Far …

Clean chips, clear air: Public health impacts from electronics industry electricity consumption in Taiwan

Taiwan has long been a central hub in the global electronics and semiconductor industry. According to a Trendforce report, four of the world’s top ten …

Air quality, health, and economic impacts of SAIL Bokaro steel plant in India

CORRIGENDUM, 27 February 2026 – In the initial report published on 26 February 2026, the following sentence on page six of the introduction stated that, …

Fourth year of full-scale invasion: Russian fossil fuel revenues tank to 27% below pre-invasion levels

Despite Russia’s reliance on sanctioned ‘shadow’ tankers, crude export volumes 6% above pre-invasion This year marks four years since Russia launched its full-scale invasion of …

Built to peak: Coal power expansion runs out of room in China

In 2025, China’s new and reactivated coal power project proposals surged to a record high, while capacity additions that came online reached the highest annual …

EU fossil fuel imports and CO2 emissions in 2025: Dependence continues as U.S. becomes largest supplier

Even as the European Union (EU) has scrambled to reduce Russian fossil fuel imports and ensure energy security following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in …

Out of sight, out of control: 31 GW of captive coal is jeopardizing Indonesia’s economic and emissions goals

🇮🇩 Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di bawah This briefing is the third in a series of joint reports between the Centre for Research on Energy …

Tracing the Hazy Air 2026: Progress Report on National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) 

The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) was launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) in January 2019 with the objective of …

India power sector review 2025: Record clean energy deployment drives historic decline in coal generation

India’s power sector is experiencing rapid change as renewable energy deployment accelerates year after year. India added 41 GW of renewable energy in the first …

Secondary particulate matter is a core driver of dangerous PM2.5 in India

India’s air quality management has historically focused on PM10, with limited attention to PM2.5 and almost none to the secondary particulate fraction that forms through …

China’s Climate Transition: Outlook 2025

In 2025, China’s energy and emission trends moved closer to the pathways aligned with the goals of the Paris Agreement to limit global temperature rise: …

Flags of inconvenience: 113 vessels flying a false flag transported EUR 4.7 bn Russian oil  in first three quarters of 2025

Every vessel sailing open seas is required to fly a flag that provides it with legal jurisdiction for its operations in international waters. Yet, Article …

Beyond city limits: A satellite-based PM2.5 assessment across India’s airsheds, states, and districts

India’s air quality management needs comprehensive pollution data that includes rural, peri-urban, and smaller cities, not just large metropolitan areas. Satellite-based PM2.5 monitoring provides consistent, …

Enhancing Zhejiang’s coal power portfolio flexibility: the economic and climate gains

Zhejiang, one of China’s most developed provinces, faces rapidly growing electricity demand, with peak demand rising from 120 GW in 2024 to 135 GW in …

No clear plan to rein in coal: CREA’s response to Indonesia’s JETP Progress Report 2025

 🇮🇩 Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di bawah On 24 October 2025, the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) Secretariat for Indonesia released the JETP Progress Report …

The hidden cost of gas: Toxic emissions from Thailand’s power sector

CORRIGENDUM, 9 April 2026 – On page 9 of this briefing, one sentence in the initial version incorrectly reported the estimated emissions from planned gas …

China’s Climate Transition Outlook 2025: Expert Survey

As China’s “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” agenda enters its fifth year, the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) and the International …

Toxic Twenty: Unmasking Indonesia’s most toxic coal-fired power plants

🇮🇩 Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di bawah Indonesia President Prabowo Subianto has repeatedly expressed his commitment to achieving 100% renewable energy within the next decade, …

Four years on: Assessing China’s overseas coal power ban

More than four years after President Xi Jinping pledged to end China’s financing of overseas coal projects, the annual assessment from the Centre for Research …

China, India, and Indonesia: the world’s top coal growth markets can all peak emissions by 2030

China, India, and Indonesia – the three countries responsible for the largest increases in CO2 emissions and in coal-fired power generation in the decade since …

Dangerous dependence: Taiwan becomes world’s largest importer of Russian naphtha as coal imports persist

Imports channel USD 9.3 bn to the Kremlin’s war chest *下面提供中文版本 Despite joining international economic sanctions on Russia just one day after the start of …

Indonesia’s RUPTL 2025-2034: Fossils first, renewables later

🇮🇩 Versi Bahasa Indonesia tersedia di bawah Following the publication of Indonesia’s ten-year power grid plan, RUPTL 2025-2034, CREA has published an in-depth report that …

Coal is losing ground but not letting go: Structural inertia and the struggle to shift coal’s role in China’s power system

The Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) and Global Energy Monitor (GEM) have released their H1 2025 biannual review of China’s coal projects, which …

Closing the loop: from stalled green steel targets to a strategic reset in China

As early as 2022, the Chinese government set a clear target: to raise the share of electric arc furnace (EAF) steel to 15% of total …

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Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), 2025